Time series of hourly resolution Offshore Wind generation for European Scale Energy system studies

<p dir="ltr">This dataset provides Pan-European simulated hourly time series of offshore wind generation to be used with Balmorel energy system model which can be used to study future European scale energy system. The dataset is divided into three main categories (folders), 'Existing' which represents simulation of existing fleets (all existing wind farm in the year 2020 with their specific locations and technological characteristics), 'Future_bottom_fixed' which represents the bottom-fixed offshore wind farms and 'Future_floating' where far from shore floating wind farms are considered. In 'Future_bottom_fixed' and 'Future_floating' 2 possible future technologies are simulated. The simulations are available for 2 different specific-power (316 and 370 W/m2) and 3 different resource grades (RGA, RGB and RGC). For Offshore wind technologies we consider hub-height of 150 m. Naming of the folders and their respective files are based on the specific power, followed by hub-height and then followed by resource grade (e.g. SP316_HH155_RGA would mean specific power of 316 W/m2 hub-height of 150m and resource grade A). The resource grade A (RGA) consists of simulation of the best 10 % of locations (in terms of mean wind-speed) within each region. Similarly, RGB consists of simulation of 10-50 % of the best location and RGC consists of the remaining 50 % of the locations. Each folder has one csv file which contains the hourly time-series and a map which shows the resulting capacity factor for each region. The first column in csv file are the timestamps defined in GMT time and the rest of the columns represent Balmorel regions.</p><p dir="ltr">The available offshore land area of a region (as defined in Balmorel) excludes areas with water depths greater than 50 m, areas located more than 100 km from the shore, and legally protected areas (IUCN categories Ia–VI). Protected areas are based on the European Environment Agency’s Nationally Designated Areas dataset (citation identifier: eea_v_3035_100_k_natda-poly_p_2023-2024_v22_r00, available via link3). Bathymetry follow the Global Wind Atlas combined dataset (source: link4). The possible impact of any existing offshore wind installations in the region is not considered. Wake losses are considered (see the 1^st linked paper), with additional 5 % of other losses and unavailability considered in future wind technologies modelling, and 10% in existing technologies.</p><p dir="ltr">For floating offshore wind technologies, the corresponding thresholds are a maximum water depth of 500 m and a maximum distance of 300 km from the shore. Legally protected areas are also excluded similarly to bottom-fixed technologies. Wake losses are considered, with an additional 5% accounting for other losses and unavailability in future wind technology modeling, and 10% in existing technologies.</p><p dir="ltr">The linked journal paper (1st link) describes the simulation methodology (combination of ERA5 and GWA data is used). It is requested that the paper is cited when the data are used. The linked related journal paper (2nd link) describes the modeling of wake losses for the offshore wind power plants and the storm shutdown behaviour (the smoothest storm shutdown technology is assumed).</p><p dir="ltr">This item is part of a larger collection of wind and solar data: <a href="https://doi.org/10.11583/DTU.c.7964141" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.11583/DTU.c.7964141</a></p>